On zeros of polynomial

Abstract

For a given polynomial \begin{equation*} P\left( z\right) =z^{n}+a_{n-1}z^{n-1}+a_{n-2}z^{n-2}+\cdots +a_{1}z+a_{0} \end{equation*} with real or complex coefficients, the Cauchy bound \begin{equation*} \left\vert z\right\vert <1+A,\qquad A=\underset{0\leqslant j\leqslant n-1}{ \max }\left\vert a_{j}\right\vert \end{equation*} does not reflect the fact that for $A$ tending to zero, all the zeros of $P\left( z\right) $ approach the origin $z=0$. Moreover, Guggenheimer (1964) generalized the Cauchy bound by using a lacunary type polynomial \begin{equation*} p\left( z\right) =z^{n}+a_{n-p}z^{n-p}+a_{n-p-1}z^{n-p-1}+\cdots +a_{1}z+a_{0}, \qquad 0